Written by Laura – Resident Baby Nurse at Choice Pharmacy
What is Torticollis?
Torticollis, commonly referred to as a stiff neck, can be quite painful for children and adults. However, in babies, it is usually painless and often develops during or shortly after birth. When a baby is born with torticollis, it is known as congenital muscular torticollis. While this condition may cause some difficulty in movement, babies typically do not experience discomfort, and it can often be improved with simple at-home positioning and stretching exercises.
What Causes Torticollis in Babies?
The exact cause of congenital torticollis is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a baby’s position in the womb or limited space during pregnancy. Babies who were in a breech position or had restricted movement in the uterus may be more likely to develop torticollis. Increased pressure on the neck muscle can cause it to tighten, making it difficult for a baby to turn their head freely.
Signs and Symptoms of Torticollis
Babies with torticollis generally behave like other infants but may show a preference for turning their head to one side. Around 2-4 weeks of age, parents may notice:
- A slight tilt of the head to one side
- Difficulty turning the head in both direction
- A preference for turning the head to one side, especially during feeding
- Trouble following movement with their eyes due to restricted neck movement
- The development of a flat spot on one side of the head (positional plagiocephaly) over time
- A small, firm lump in the neck due to muscle tightness
How is Torticollis Diagnosed?
A healthcare professional can diagnose torticollis by observing a baby’s posture and head movement. If diagnosed, a physiotherapist can provide guidance on treatment, including positioning techniques and gentle stretching exercises.
Managing Torticollis at home
Helping your baby turn their head in both directions is key to improving their range of motion. Some effective techniques include:
- Encouraging movement:
- Position toys, mirrors, or engaging objects on the opposite side of your baby’s preferred head position to encourage them to turn
- Adjusting feeding positions:
- Hold your baby in a way that encourages them to turn their head away from their preferred side
- Safe sleep positioning:
- While always placing your baby on their back for sleep (as per SIDS recommendations), gently turning their head to the non-preferred side when possible can be helpful
- Incorporating tummy time:
- Tummy time strengthens neck muscles and reduces prolonged pressure on the head. Aim for multiple short sessions throughout the day
When to Seek Professional Advice
If you are concerned about your baby’s neck movement or notice persistent symptoms, consult your GP, paediatrician, or baby health nurse for further assessment and support. With early intervention and consistent home exercises, most babies see significant improvement over time.
Free Baby Nurse Service is available at Box Hill, Colebee, Eastern Creek & North Kellyville Store.
You can book our Baby Nurse for in-store consultation online or walk-in.
